This paper provides detailed information on the oviposition behaviour ofg. Sc stewartextremely high levels of inbreeding in a natural population of the free living wasp ancistrocerus. Production of goniozus severely hampered at 350c 46. Blackheaded caterpillar, opisina arenosella walker, is a serious pest of coconut palms, causing severe defoliation and yield loss. May 11, 2010 evolutionary loss of traits can result from negative selection on a specific phenotype, or if the trait is selectively neutral, because the phenotype associated with the trait has become redundant.
Goniozus nephantidis appears to be monophagous within the agroecosystem despite having a number of factitious laboratory hosts, see above and elasmus nephantidis, which is recommended for field release against o. Inside each nephron is a tiny network of looping blood vessels called the glomerulus. Goniozus nephantidis muesebeck, one of the dominant and. The parasitoid wasp nasonia vitripennis is an emerging model organism for developmental and behavioral genetics. Mass production of the parasitoid the nbaii has mass multiplied the parasitoids successfully in the laboratory on paracoccus marginatus colonies grown on potato sprouts and shoots. Pdf blackheaded caterpillar, opisina arenosella walker, is a serious pest of coconut palms, causing severe defoliation and yield loss. Corcyracephalonica wasrearedonadietofglycerol,honey, corn meal, wheat bran, and yeast lize et al. Among the larval parasitoids, the bethylid goniozus nephantidis is the most effective in controlling the pest. Arrange for the release of larval pupal parasitoids, goniozus nephantidis, elasmus nephantidis brown species and brachymeria nosatoi.
Direct and indirect influences of intercrops on the coconut. Adult moth provided with honey solution 50 % and cotton moistened with water. The coconut black headed caterpillar opisina arenosella, is a species of moth found in multiple regions throughout east asian countries including bangladesh, india, sri lanka, myanmar, as well as indonesia. Direct and indirect influences of intercrops on the. Goniozus nephantidis can, however, be reared on other factitious.
Even essential traits may be lost, however, if the resulting phenotypic deficiencies can be compensated for by the environment or a symbiotic partner. Biology of goniozus nephantidis egg female goniozus nephantidis lay eggs on the body of blackheaded caterpillar. Brood guarding in a bethylid wasp, ecological entomology 10. Nephritis glomerulonephritis page how do the kidneys work. The rice moth is one of the alternate hosts for mass production of egg and larval parasitoids of the hymenopteran families including bethylidae, braconidae, platygastridae, and trichogrammatidae parra 1997, nathan et al.
Loss of lipid synthesis as an evolutionary consequence of a. Larvae of 20 lepidopteran species found on intercrops were screened for use by goniozus nephantidis hymenoptera. Goniozus nephantidis is a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid for which many aspects of behaviour and life history have been documented hardy et al. Difference in mean lipid content % between emerged and fed individuals as measured in the feeding experiments. Goniozus nephantidis 270 gossypium 2, 35, 197 gossypium hirsutum 35 grass 35 green peach aphid 154, 311 ground beetle 9, 315 guayaquila xiphias 90 gustation 22 gustatory response 25, 140, 18286 gut analysis 141, 274, 278 habitat complexity 310 diversification 305, 30711, 319 fragmentation 3 management 30607 haemolymph 236, 278. Pdf volatile organic compounds in healthy and opisina. For all matings, haploid males are obtained via oviposition by virgin females. A polyploid mutant strain is available in which females are triploid and lay haploid and diploid eggs that normally develop into. Biology and biological control potential of bethylid wasps.
Pdf a novel method of field release of goniozus nephantidis. A sample size of 85 adult individuals was used for capillary testing. Competitive interactions between goniozus nephantidis and bracon brevicornis. Parasitoids could parasitise and induction of eyebuds in potatoes. Mutual interference reduces offspring production in a brood. Goniozus nephantidis cultures were maintained using the rice moth, corcyra cephalonica stainton lepidoptera. Evaluation of artifical diets for coconut blackheaded caterpillar, opisina arenosella walker pdf. Evaluation of goniozus nephantidis muesebeck a larval parasitoid in the field against coconut black headed caterpillar opisina arenosella walker in karnataka article fulltext available. Genotypes in boldface type are homozygous at both sex loci and thus diploid males. Development of an optimum diet for mass rearing of the.
It is a sturdy gregarious larval or prepupal ectoparasitoid. Goniozus nephantidis were reared on larvae of corcyra cephalonica stainton lepidoptera. Nov 08, 2015 media in category goniozus the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Impact of olfactory conditioned parasitoid goniozus nephantidis musebeck in suppression of opisina arenosella walker under field conditions in east coast of. Pectinophora gossypiella saunders usda ars mafiadoc. Pdf biological suppression of coconut black headed. An outbreak of blackheaded caterpillar was observed. The host larvae are parasitized and the parasitoid even feeds on host body fluid. The potential of insect pheromones to attract natural enemies has mainly been established under laboratory conditions, while. Bethylidae was recorded as a major parasite of the pumpkin caterpillar,diaphania indica saunders lepidoptera. An exploratory study, for the first time, was conducted to identify the volatile organic compounds vocs present in dichloromethane extracts of uninfested and o.
Relative toxicity, goniozus nephantidis, insecticides, etc introduction the coconut palm, cocos nucifera l. No patrigenes required for femaleness in the haplodiploid. Apparent competition and enemyfree space in insect hostparasitoid communities. The host and parasitoid strains were the same as used in the study by goubault et al. Microsatellite dna analysis reveals low diploid male production in a communal bee with inbreeding. Goniozus print iconographia zoologica special collections university of amsterdam ubainv0274 046 16 0004. Body size and the timing of egg production in parasitoid. Brood guarding in a bethylid wasp, ecological entomology. Introduction joint flexibility is defined as the range of motion rom allowed at a joint. Morphology and ultrastructure of the allomone and sex. Mar 17, 2016 for instance, estimates of the percentage of o.
Pdf a new species of bethylid parasitoid wasp, goniozus omanensis polaszek sp. When tested for its safety and effectiveness in controlling opisina arenosella walker, it is found that they are safe to use in thailand. Realtime mass spectrometry shows that the spiroacetal is released by goniozus nephantidis females during dyadic resource contests, with release more common during more aggressive interactions. On encountering a host, the female stings and paralyses it. The biological control parasitoid goniozus nephantidis mues. From image geometry, the joined coconut black head caterpillar opisina arenosella larva and parasitoid goniozus nephantidis were separated and larva body parts head, trunk and tail and parasitoid were classified using invariant moments. In the present study, twelve primer pairs were designed for the south asian, goniozus nephantidis muesebeck hymenoptera. Chrysidoidea goniozus legneri goniozus nephantidis tenthredinoidea ichneumonoidea30 20 10 0 10 20 30 fig. Techniques were evolved at cpcri for mass multiplication of the promising parasitoids namely goniozus nephantidis, bracon brevicornis, elasmus nephantidis and brachymeria nosatoi which are being currently recommended for biocontrol of opisina. Parasitization potential of goniozus nephantidis muesebeck. Laboratory experiment entitled parasitization potential of goniozus nephantidis muesebeck on corcyra cephalonica stainton reared on different rearing media under laboratory condition was under taken.
In this study, we present new automatic methods for feature extraction based on morphological operations and invariant moments. Biological suppression of coconut black headed caterpillar. They each contain up to one million nephrons, the filtering units of the kidneys. Goniozus nephantidis contest outcomes also appear to be influenced by rv asymmetries associated with contestant age and host size. Microsatellite dna analysis reveals low diploid male. In addition, five pooled samples of 20 individuals were used for the annealing. Prior to oviposition, the parasite temporarily paralyses the host larva. Joint range of motion data using a goniometer goniometers available from. We consider the case where larger individuals develop from smaller clutches and, as adults, are advantaged in competition for limiting resources. Singlelocus complementary sex determination in the. Thailand imported goniozus nephantidis from sri lanka.
Jm cookexperimental tests of sex determination in goniozus nephantidis hymenoptera. Improving productivity and profitability in coconut. Pdf competitive interactions between goniozus nephantidis and. The pink bollworm is now recorded in nearly all the cottongrowing countries of the world cab institute of entomology 1990, and is a key pest in many of these areas. Village cropping system parasitoids releases bracon hebetor goniozus nephantidis samanthakurru fish pond bunds 30 july 2015 392,000 200,800 thurpulanka fish pond bunds and sole gardens 10 october. Pdf economics of production of goniozus nephantidis. Goniozus nephantidis cultures were maintained using the rice moth.
Bracon brevicornis, eriborus trochanteratus and goniozus nephantidis on cbhc hyper parasism. Corcyra cephalonica, density, goniozus nephantidis, opisina arenosella. Observations on the oviposition behaviour of goniozus. The coconut black headed caterpillar opisina arenosella, is a species of moth found in.
Taxonomy, the branch of science involving the identifying, naming and classifjing of organisms has. Pdf biological control of opisina arenosella walker. Experimental support for multiplelocus complementary sex. Regional training workshop on mass production of beneficial. Direct and indirect influences of intercrops on the coconut defoliator. Mar 20, 2014 in the present study, twelve primer pairs were designed for the south asian, goniozus nephantidis muesebeck hymenoptera. Females of the parasitoid wasp goniozus nephantidis paralyse host caterpillars and lay a clutch of up to 18 eggs onto the host integument. Bethylidae is a gregarious parasitoid of lepidopteran larvae. Cotton free zones and extensive cleanup measures eliminated the texas infestation, as well as an infestation found in louisiana in 1919. Loss of lipid synthesis as an evolutionary consequence of. Crytophasidae is an endemic, frequently outbreaking pest of coconut in india and sri lanka. Such an urge operates at all levels of social organization.
We develop a gametheoretic model to predict the effect of sizedependent contest outcomes on optimalclutchsize decisions. Media in category goniozus the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Development of microsatellite markers and detection of. Even in ancient civilizations, names were assigned to organisms. Since goniozus nephantidis muesebeck is found to have strong parental care for. Pdf goniozus nephantidis muesebeck is an important parasitoid of opisina arenosella walker in coconut ecosystem.
Mutual interference reduces offspring production in a. Biological control agents and semiochemicals have become essential parts of the integrated pest management of insect pests over recent years, as the incorporation of semiochemicals with natural enemies and entomopathogenic microbials has gained significance. As an example, genotypes for a mlcsd model with two independent sex loci are shown a indicates locus 1, with alleles i, j, and l. Pdf biological suppression of coconut black headed caterpillar. Aspergillus flavus, fusarium semitectum, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and c. Eggs are laid onto the host approximately 24 hours later, with clutch size ranging up to 18 eggs and positively correlated with host size approx. Influence of parasitoidhost density on the behaviour ecology of. Evolutionary loss of traits can result from negative selection on a specific phenotype, or if the trait is selectively neutral, because the phenotype associated with the trait has become redundant. It is considered a pest to these countries, as they infest coconut palm trees, causing considerable damage to the trees, and reducing the plants yield significantly. Chemical communication by the parasitoid wasp leptopilina heterotoma is based largely on. This behaviour will only have evolved if the consequent reduction in fecundity is outweighed by fitness returns. The effects of some abiotic maternal photoperiod and offspring developmental temperature and biotic host quality during both maternal and offspring generations factors on diapause induction.
Brood sex ratio variance, developmental mortality and virginity in a. Pdf direct and indirect influences of intercrops on the. Encountering competitors reduces clutch size and increases. Competitive interactions between goniozus nephantidis and bracon brevicornis, parasitoids of the coconut pest opisina arenosella. Automated motion tracking of insects using invariant moments.
It is naturally associated with the coconut pest, opisina arenosella walker. Usually supplied as pupae insdie cocoons with a food source for the emerging adult parasitoids. A joints rom is usually measured by the number of degrees from the starting position of a segment to its position at the end of its full range of the movement. It was found that the optimum temperature for maximum progeny production was 300c 116. It is entirely consistent with these life history characteristics that owners should value larger hosts more than smaller hosts and compete more strongly to retain them. The female practices maternal care of eggs and larvae. Abiotic and biotic factors influence diapause induction in. Blackheaded caterpillar, opisina arenosella walker lepidoptera. Chemical tagging with deuterium further shows that the volatile is released by the loser of an agonistic interaction and not the winner. Eight different artificial rearing media were evaluated to test suitability for c.
Two larval parasitoid wasps, goniozus nephantidis muesebeck bethylidae and bracon brevicornis wesmael braconidae, which parasitize third to seventh instar larvae of o. When infestation is very severe and if the biocontrol is not likely to be effective, sprays the undersurface of the fronds with dichlorvos 0. The graph below shows a sketch of the growth of an insect. Bethylidae, and 24 for its new world congener, goniozus legneri gordh, parasitoids of the larvae of the lepidopteran coconut pest opisina arenosella walker lepidoptera. Goniozus nephantidis is the most widely used parasitoid of opisina arenosella. Introduction to the thesis the desire to arrange, organize, describe, name and classify is fundamental in human activity.